Anzia Yezierska’nın Aç Kalpler’inde Travma ve Olay
Anahtar Kelimeler:
Anzia Yezierska, Kısa Öykü Döngüsü, Amerikan Kısa Öyküsü, Travma, OlayÖz
Anzia Yezierska’nın Hungry Hearts [Aç Yürekler] (1920) adlı
yapıtı, New York’un Aşağı Doğu Yakası bölgesinde geçen ve kent yoksulluğu ve göç gibi sorunları travma olarak yaşayan işçi sınıfı Yahudi kadınları anlatan bir kısa öykü derlemesidir. Bu makale, Hungry Hearts’ı bir kısa öykü döngüsü olarak ve travma teorileri bağlamında ele almaktadır. Makale, Yezierska’nın kahramanlarının, Maria Root’un “sinsi travma” olarak adlandırdığı travmayı yaşadıklarını öne sürmektedir. Bu nedenle, kısa öykü döngüsüne özgü parça-bütün diyalektiğinin, Yezierska’nın kahramanlarının sinsi travmasıyla biçimsel olarak örtüştüğünü iddia etmektedir. Buradan hareketle makalede Yezierska’nın yapıtındaki anlatı mantığının sinsi travmanın kaçınılmaz sürekliliğini gösterdiği saptanmıştır, çünkü öykülerin kahramanları sırasıyla hep bir öncekinden daha yaşlı karakterlerdir. Ancak Yezierska, kuşaklararası etkileşimden kaynaklanan iki olay anı yaratarak son iki öyküsünde bu duruma bir alternatif de sunmaktadır. Alain Badiou’nun “olay” kavramından ve Dominick LaCapra’nın travma teorisinden yola çıkan bu makale, belirtilen olay anlarının yapıtın başlangıcındaki anlatı mantığından ayrıldığını ve karakterlerin geleceklerini yeniden oluşturmalarına izin verdiğini öne sürmektedir.
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